Geodynamics — Federal Grants

Investigating water-rock interactions in crust beneath the seafloor using the triple oxygen-isotope approach

David Zakharov · Western Michigan University

Collaborative Research: Understanding magma sources and formation through experiments and modeling

Elizabeth Cottrell · Smithsonian Institution

Collaborative Research: Understanding magma sources and formation through experiments and modeling

Suzanne Birner · Berea College

Collaborative Research: Understanding magma sources and formation through experiments and modeling

Frederick Davis · University of Minnesota Duluth

International glass reference materials for volatile element (H2O, CO2, S, Cl, F) microanalysis in silicate melts

Yves Moussallam · Columbia University

Bridging geochemical observations with continental growth and emergence: A new modeling approach with heterogeneous crustal reservoirs

Jun Korenaga · Yale University

Collaborative Research: A dynamic mechanism for generating directional variation of seismic velocities in the Earth's inner core

Daniel Frost · University of South Carolina at Columbia

Collaborative Research: A dynamic mechanism for generating directional variation of seismic velocities in the Earth's inner core

Bruce Buffett · University of California-Berkeley

Tracing Melt Formation at the Tonga-Lau Island Arc

Susanne Straub · Columbia University

Tracking Magmatic and Tectonic Processes along the Hawaiian-Emperor Volcanic Chain

Robert Dunn · University of Hawaii

The Interactions of Glacial Isostatic Adjustment and Plate Tectonic Processes

Shijie Zhong · University of Colorado at Boulder

Collaborative Research: RUI: Resolving the effects of lithospheric foundering on orogenesis: An example from the southern Puna plateau, Argentina

Alexander Tye · University of Pittsburgh

OREGON STATE UNIVERSITY

PROJECT TITLE: COMPLETION OF MAGNETOTELLURI ARRAY IN CONUS - PHASE 2PERIOD OF PERFORMANCE: 6/1/2022 THROUGH 5/31/2024AWARD PURPOSE - THIS PROPOSAL IS TO CONTINUE TO SUPPORT USGS'S AIM TO COMPLETE THE LONGPERIODMAGNETOTELLURIC (MT) TRANSPORTABLE ARRAY (MTARRAY) SURVEY THROUGHOUT THE REMAININGTERRITORY OF THE CONTERMINOUS UNITED STATES (CONUS). EXECUTIVE ORDER 13865 DIRECTS THESECRETARY OF THE INTERIOR TO: 'TO COMPLETE A MAGNETOTELLURIC SURVEY OF THE CONTIGUOUS UNITEDSTATES TO HELP CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE OWNERS AND OPERATORS CONDUCT EMP VULNERABILITYASSESSMENTS'.FROM APRIL 2020 THROUGH MAY 2022 USGS AND OREGON STATE UNIVERSITY (OSU) HAVE SITED,PERMITTED, INSTALLED, OPERATED, EXTRACTED, AND CARRIED OUT DATA ANALYSIS AND DATA ARCHIVAL FORMTARRAY UNDER COOPERATIVE AGREEMENT G20AC00094. WE PROPOSE TO CONTINUE THIS ACTIVITY FORTWO YEARS UNDER A NEW COOPERATIVE AGREEMENT, WITH THE GOAL OF COMPLETING THE MTARRAY OVER THEENTIRETY OF THE CONTERMINOUS US BY THE END OF THE COOPERATIVE AGREEMENT PERIOD.ACTIVITIES TO BE PERFORMED - OSU WILL PROVIDE 4X4 FIELD TRUCKS AND SPECIALIZED MTINSTRUMENTATION TO MEASURE THE TIME-VARIATIONS IN THE NATURALLY OCCURRING ELECTRIC AND MAGNETICFIELDS AT GROUND LEVEL TO FIELD CREWS THAT WILL INSTALL AND OPERATE THE EQUIPMENT TYPICALLY FOR 3-6WEEKS PER SITE, COVERING A REGION IN THE SOUTHERN US ADJOINING AND INLAND OF THE GULF COAST ON AGRID OF LOCATIONS SPACED TYPICALLY 70 KM APART. THE STATIONS ARE EXTRACTED AFTER DATA QUALITYSTANDARDS HAVE BEEN MET FOLLOWING DATA ANALYSIS BY OREGON STATE UNIVERSITY AND USGS.A TOTAL OF 116 MT STATION INSTALLATIONS ARE PLANNED EACH YEAR OVER THE TWO-YEAR PERIOD OF THECOOPERATIVE AGREEMENT, OF WHICH 101 ARE AT PRIMARY STATION INSTALLATION TARGET LOCATIONS, AND 15PER YEAR ARE RELOCATIONS TO ALTERNATIVE SITES WHEN LOCAL NOISE SOURCES OR OTHER OPERATING FACTORSMAKE THE PRIMARY STATION LOCATION UNSUITABLE FOR ACHIEVING DATA QUALITY STANDARDS. AT EACH STATIONLOCATION, MEASUREMENTS OF VECTOR ELECTRIC AND MAGNETIC FIELDS SAMPLED ONCE EACH SECOND, ANDCALCULATED ELECTROMAGNETIC IMPEDANCE AND MAGNETIC FIELD INDUCTION VECTORS, QUANTITIES SENSITIVETO THE ELECTRICAL PROPERTIES OF THE EARTH'S CRUST AND UPPER MANTLE WILL BE PRIMARY DELIVERABLES,ALONG WITH SUPPORTING METADATA AND DAILY FIELD CREW PRODUCTION REPORTS.BENEFICIARIES - THE MT DATA AND DERIVED DATA PRODUCTS ARE OF DIRECT BENEFIT TO POWER UTILITIES,INDUSTRY GROUPS AND FEDERAL REGULATORS IN THEIR EFFORTS TO PROTECT THE POWER TRANSMISSION NETWORKFROM THE IMPACTS OF SPACE WEATHER (GEOMAGNETICALLY INDUCED CURRENTS OR GICS) ON THETRANSMISSION SYSTEM. OTHER POTENTIAL BENEFICIARIES INCLUDE PIPELINE OPERATORS, ALSO SUBJECT TO RISKFROM GICS, AS WELL AS DOWNSTREAM OPERATORS OF OTHER CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE DEPENDENT ONUNINTERRUPTED POWER AND PIPELINE PRODUCTS, AND NATIONAL LABS, ACADEMIC RESEARCHERS AND OTHERSAPPLYING THESE DATA TO FUNDAMENTAL RESEARCH INTO EARTH STRUCTURE AND GEOSPACE SCIENCE.SUBRECIPIENT ACTIVITIES - GREEN GEOPHYSICS IS OSU'S CONTRACTOR FOR SECURING SITE USE PERMITSAND FOR PROVIDING FIELD CREWS TO CARRY OUT THE MT STATION INSTALLATIONS. CHAYTUS RESEARCH ANDENGINEERING LLC PROVIDES MT INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERING SUPPORT FOR OPERATION ANDMAINTENANCE OF OSU'S MT INSTRUMENTATION.

UNIVERSITY OF HAWAII

PROJECT TITLE: COOPERATIVE MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT OF HAWAII S VOLCANO HAZARDS: FIRST INCREMENTPROJECT PERIOD: 10 1 2024 THROUGH 5 31 2029AWARD PURPOSE: THE PURPOSE OF THIS AWARD IS TO CONDUCT, AND COLLABORATE IN, RESEARCH THAT WILL IMPROVE THE LEVEL OF UNDERSTANDING OF HAWAIIS ACTIVE VOLCANOS INCREASE THE ABILITY OF THE SCIENTIFIC COMMUNITY AND CIVIL OFFICIALS TO ANTICIPATE THE TIMING AND LOCATION OF NEW ERUPTIVE ACTIVITY BY ALL OF HAWAIIS ACTIVE VOLCANOES AND ENABLE FEDERAL, STATE, AND HAWAII COUNTY OFFICIALS TO BETTER COMMUNICATE WITH THE COMMUNITIES AT RISK OF POTENTIAL IMPACTS FROM ERUPTIVE EVENTS AND PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS THAT COMMUNITY MEMBERS CAN TAKE TO REDUCE THOSE RISKS.ACTIVITIES TO BE PERFORMED: SCIENTISTS AND TECHNICIANS WILL EMPLOY UAS TECHNOLOGY FOR SURVEILLANCE OF ONGOING THERMAL ACTIVITY, ASSIST IN THE DEPLOYMENT OF MONITORING INSTRUMENTATION IN MORE REMOTE LOCATIONS ON KILAUEA AND MAUNA LOA, AND IN THE EVENT OF AN ERUPTION DURING THE COURSE OF THE PRESENT AGREEMENT, TO DEPLOY UAS TECHNOLOGY TO OBSERVE ERUPTIVE VENTS AND LAVA FLOW TRAJECTORIES TO AID IN ASSESSING RISKS TO DOWNSLOPE COMMUNITIES CONTINUED ANALYSIS OF THE PRODUCTS OF EXPLOSIVE ERUPTIVE VENTS FOR WHICH VIDEO RECORDS EXIST AND DEVELOPMENT OF A BETTER UNDERSTANDING OF THE RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN VERY ENERGETIC BASALTIC ERUPTIONS AND THE DISTRIBUTION OF THE PRODUCTS THAT ARE GENERATED PETROLOGIC AND CHEMICAL ANALYSES WILL BE PERFORMED ON LAVA SAMPLES TO PROVIDE INSIGHTS ON MAGMA TRANSPORT, STORAGE, AND ULTIMATELY, ERUPTION ON THE FLANKS OF HAWAIIS VOLCANOES ANALYSIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF SEISMIC EVENTS THAT OCCUR PRIOR TO AND DURING INCREASED MAGMA MOVEMENT AND DETAILED ANALYSIS OF THE LOCATION AND TIMING OF AN ONGOING SWARM OF SEISMIC ACTIVITY WILL BE USED TO BETTER MAP THE TRANSPORT OF MAGMA FROM NEAR THE CRUST MANTLE BOUNDARY TO MID-LEVEL STORAGE IN THE CRUST AND, FINALLY, TRANSPORT TO THE SHALLOW MAGMA RESERVOIRS BENEATH HAWAIIS ACTIVE VOLCANOES EXECUTION OF GEODETIC MEASUREMENTS OVER A BROAD AREA OF GROUND DEFORMATION (E.G. CHANGES IN ELEVATION AND LATERAL DISPLACEMENT) THAT ARE ONGOING IN ASSOCIATION WITH MAGMA WITHDRAWAL AND REPLENISHMENT INTO KILAUEAS SUMMIT MAGMA RESERVOIR, SOUTH FLANK, AND EAST RIFT ZONE ONGOING MONITORING OF CHANGES IN MAGMATIC GAS DISCHARGE AND THE DEVELOPMENT OF NEW METHODS OF ASSESSING GAS DISCHARGE RATES IN ASSOCIATION WITH IMPENDING ERUPTIVE ACTIVITY DEVELOPMENT OF BETTER MESSAGING CAPABILITIES REGARDING VOLCANIC AND RELATED HAZARDS AND ENABLE THE SCIENTIFIC COMMUNITY TO BETTER COMMUNICATE EVOLVING RISK CONDITIONS AS SCIENTIFIC DATA INDICATE CHANGES IN VOLCANIC UNREST.DELIVERABLES AND EXPECTED OUTCOMES: DELIVERABLES FROM THIS WORK WILL INCLUDE: IMPROVED REAL-TIME MAPPING OF TERRAIN ALLOWING MORE EFFICIENT DEPLOYMENT OF SEISMIC, GEODETIC, AND GAS EMISSION MONITORING INSTRUMENTS IMPROVED METHODS OF USING CHANGES IN MEASURABLE SURFACE PARAMETERS RESULTING IN AN IMPROVED ABILITY TO FORECAST CHANGES IN VOLCANIC UNREST IMPROVED METHODS OF MEASURING AND INTERPRETING VOLCANIC GAS EMISSIONS RELEVANT TO CHANGES IN VOLCANIC UNREST MORE ACCURATE EARTHQUAKE LOCATIONS AND MAGNITUDES ALLOWING BETTER RESOLUTION OF DEEP MAGMA STORAGE AND TRANSPORT STRUCTURES AND IMPROVED METHODS OF INFORMING POPULATIONS AT RISK OF VOLCANIC HAZARDS RESULTING IN A DECREASED THREAT TO COMMUNITIES LIVING ON ACTIVE VOLCANOES.INTENDED BENEFICIARIES: THE MOST IMMEDIATE BENEFICIARIES OF THE WORK CONDUCTED WILL BE HAWAIIS COMMUNITIES THAT LIVE PROXIMATE TO HAWAIIS ACTIVE VOLCANOES THROUGH IMPROVED FORECASTING OF CHANGES IN VOLCANIC UNREST AND A BETTER UNDERSTANDING OF THE FUNDAMENTAL PROCESSES OF MAGMA TRANSPORT TOWARD THE SURFACE AND ULTIMATELY ERUPTION OF THAT MAGMA. BECAUSE THE KNOWLEDGE AND UNDERSTANDING GAINED IN HAWAII WILL BE SHARED MORE BROADLY, LESS IMMEDIATE BENEFICIARIES WILL INCLUDE ALL COMMUNITIES LIVING ON AND NEAR ACTIVE VOLCANIC SYSTEMS.SUBRECIPIENT ACTIVITIES: NONE